PERIONDOTISTRY Periondotitis is an inflammation of periodontium and is caused by bacteria that accumulate between tooth  and gum tissue. It is required that this bacteria has to be removed regularly unless it will cause a condition  called Gingivitis, which is the inflammation of gum tissue  Gingivitis may be caused by:  •Poor dental hygiene  •Smoking  •Diabete  •Avitaminosis, etc. Periodontics is a dental specialty that includes the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the  tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. These dental specialists are calledperiodontists, and they also  are involved with periodontal plastic surgery and placing dental implants  Periodontal diseases are bacterial infections of the gums, bone and periodontal ligament (fibers that support  the teeth and hold them in the jaw). They destroy the gums and supporting bone that hold your teeth in your mouth. As a result, teeth may  loosen and fall.  Causes of Periodontal Disease       The primary cause of periodontal diseases is bacterial plaque, a sticky, colorless coating that forms on your teeth. If left untreated –  generally as a result of poor oral hygiene habits – the bacteria in plaque infect the gums, release  toxins that redden and inflame the tissue, and gradually destroy the tissues supporting the teeth  and underlying bone. When this happens, the gums separate from the teeth, forming pockets that  fill with more plaque and cause additional infection.  Other factors that can affect the health of your gums include: Plaque Traps. Decayed teeth, broken or badly fitting partial dentures, crowded/crooked teeth and  improperly filled teeth can "trap" plaque buildup, making it difficult to remove by routine oral  hygiene methods.  Negative Behaviors and/or Practices. Your periodontal health can suffer due to poor personal oral  hygiene practices, oral piercings, smoking, and drug and/or alcohol abuse. A stressful lifestyle and  poor nutritional habits, both of which can diminish your body's ability to fight infection, also can  make you more susceptible to periodontal disease.  Systemic Factors. People with diseases such as diabetes and leukemia, on certain medications or with systemic conditions such as human  immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, malnutrition or immunosuppression, may be especially vulnerable to gum disease due to lower  resistance levels. Hormonal Factors. Predominantly true for women, hormonal fluctuations during key life stages – puberty, pregnancy and menopause – can  trigger tissue changes throughout the body, including the mouth. At such times, a woman's chances for developing periodontal disease may  increase. Genetic Influences. Genes and family history can indicate a predisposition for developing periodontal diseases.  Tobacco Use. Tobacco users show a greater incidence of calculus formation on teeth, deeper pockets between gums and teeth, and more loss of bone and fibers that hold teeth. Chemicals in tobacco (tar and nicotine) diminish the healing process and likelihood of success after  periodontal treatment. Smokeless tobacco users also are at higher risk of developing oral cancer. Medications. You should inform your dentist of any medicines you are taking, as certain medicines (e.g., oral contraceptives, antidepressants  and some heart medicines) can adversely affect your gums or have contraindications for antibiotics. You may have gum disease and not even know it. Often, there is no pain and periodontal diseases may not  exhibit symptoms until serious bone loss has taken place. However, it is important to see your dentist or  periodontist at the first sign of these common symptoms of periodontal disease:  Red, swollen or tender gums •Gums that bleed easily when brushing or flossing •Gums that pull away from teeth •Loose or separating teeth •Pus between gums and teeth •Persistent bad breath •Change in your bite (occlusion)   and/or fit of removable   dentures Regular professional dental checkups to evaluate the state of your  oral health are essential for detecting and managing periodontal  disease. Your general dentist usually detects gum disease and treats it in the early stages. While some general dentists have the expertise to treat more advanced forms of periodontal disease, more frequently, gum disease requires specialized  treatment. Specilised treatment is offered by a Periodontist. Ongoing Periodontal Monitoring and Maintenance  Periodontal diseases are chronic diseases. Without vigilant, meticulous and ongoing treatment, periodontal diseases can and often do recur.  Once your periodontal health has been evaluated, your periodontist will work with you to customize the  best treatment plan to control your periodontal disease. Treatment can vary depending on how far the periodontal disease has progressed. If diagnosed and  treated in its early stages, simple non-surgical periodontal therapy may be enough. If periodontitis has  progressed to the extent where you have deep periodontal pockets and considerable bone loss, In such  advanced stages surgical therapy may be required. Even when your periodontitis is under control you will still need to follow ongoing periodontal procedures to maintain your oral health. This  ongoing treatment lets your periodontist evaluate your periodontal health and ensures that your infection stays under control. During these  re-evaluation appointments, your mouth will be examined, new plaque and calculus will be removed, your teeth will be professionally polished  and your bite will be checked.   •Clinic   : +91 44 24662440 •Mob     : +91  9840067382 •Email   : info@dentalounge.com